U-Boot for Odroid X2/U3/XU3/XU4 ======================== 1. Summary ========== This is a quick instruction for setup Odroid boards. Board config: odroid_config for X2/U3 Board config: odroid-xu3_config for XU3/XU4 2. Supported devices ==================== This U-BOOT config can be used on three boards: - Odroid U3 - Odroid X2 with CPU Exynos 4412 rev 2.0 and 2GB of RAM - Odroid XU3 - Odroid XU4 with CPU Exynos5422 and 2GB of RAM 3. Boot sequence ================ iROM->BL1->(BL2 + TrustZone)->U-BOOT This version of U-BOOT doesn't implement SPL. So, BL1, BL2, and TrustZone binaries are needed to boot up. << X2/U3 >> It can be found in "boot.tar.gz" from here: http://dev.odroid.com/projects/4412boot/wiki/FrontPage?action=download&value=boot.tar.gz or here: http://odroid.in/guides/ubuntu-lfs/boot.tar.gz << XU3/XU4 >> It can be downloaded from: https://github.com/hardkernel/u-boot/tree/odroidxu3-v2012.07/sd_fuse/hardkernel_1mb_uboot 4. Boot media layout ==================== The table below shows SD/eMMC cards layout for U-Boot. The block offset is starting from 0 and the block size is 512B. ------------------------------------- | Binary | Block offset| part type | | name | SD | eMMC |(eMMC only)| ------------------------------------- | Bl1 | 1 | 0 | 1 (boot) | | Bl2 | 31 | 30 | 1 (boot) | | U-Boot | 63 | 62 | 1 (boot) | | Tzsw | 2111 | 2110 | 1 (boot) | | Uboot Env | 2560 | 2560 | 0 (user) | ------------------------------------- 5. Prepare the SD boot card - with SD card reader ================================================= To prepare bootable media you need boot binaries provided by hardkernel. From the downloaded files, You can find: - bl1.bin - tzsw.bin - bl2.bin - sd_fusing.sh - u-boot.bin (The file names can be slightly different, but you can distinguish what they are without problem) This is all you need to boot this board. But if you want to use your custom U-Boot then you need to change u-boot.bin with your own U-Boot binary* and run the script "sd_fusing.sh" - this script is valid only for SD card. *note: The proper binary file of current U-Boot is u-boot-dtb.bin. quick steps for Linux: - Download all files from the link at point 3 and extract it if needed. - put any SD card into the SD reader - check the device with "dmesg" - run ./sd_fusing.sh /dev/sdX - where X is SD card device (but not a partition) Check if Hardkernel U-Boot is booting, and next do the same with your U-Boot. 6. Prepare the eMMC boot card with a eMMC card reader (boot from eMMC card slot) ===================================================== To boot the device from the eMMC slot you should use a special card reader which supports eMMC partition switch. All of the boot binaries are stored on the eMMC boot partition which is normally hidden. The "sd_fusing.sh" script can be used after updating offsets of binaries according to the table from point 4. Be sure that you are working on the right eMMC partition - its size is usually very small, about 1-4 MiB. 7. Prepare the eMMC boot card with a SD card reader (boot from SD card slot) ================================================= If you have an eMMC->microSD adapter you can prepare the card as in point 5. But then the device can boot only from the SD card slot. 8. Prepare the boot media using Hardkernel U-Boot ================================================= You can update the U-Boot to the custom one if you have a working bootloader delivered with the board on the eMMC/SD card. Then follow the steps: - install the android fastboot tool - connect a micro usb cable to the board - on the U-Boot prompt, run command: fastboot (as a root) - on the host, run command: "fastboot flash bootloader u-boot-dtb.bin" - the custom U-Boot should start after the board resets. 9. Partition layout ==================== Default U-Boot environment is setup for fixed partition layout. Partition table: MSDOS. Disk layout and files as listed in the table below. ----- ------ ------ ------ -------- --------------------------------- | Num | Name | FS | Size | Offset | Reguired files | | | | Type | MiB | MiB | | ----- ------ ------ ------ -------- --------------------------------- | 1 | BOOT | fat | 100 | 2 | kernel, fdt** | | 2 | ROOT | ext4 | - | | any Linux system | ----- ------ ------ ------ -------- --------------------------------- **note: Supported fdt files are: - exynos4412-odroidx2.dtb - exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb - exynos5422-odroidxu3.dtb - exynos5422-odroidxu4.dtb Supported kernel files are: - Image.itb - zImage - uImage The default environmental variable "dfu_alt_info" is set* for above layout. Each partition size is just an example, dfu_alt_info tries init two partitions. The size of each is not important. *note: $dfu_alt_info is set on a boot time and it is concatenated using two variables: - $dfu_alt_boot(set dynamically) - $dfu_alt_system(from current env). To add any changes to dfu_alt_info - please modify $dfu_alt_system only. Changes are visible after board reset. 10. The environment and booting the kernel ========================================== There are three macros defined in config for various boot options: Two for both, kernel with device tree support and also without it: - boot_uimg - load uImage - boot_zimg - load zImage If proper fdt file exists then it will be automatically loaded, so for old kernel types, please remove fdt file from boot partition. The third boot option for multi image support (more info: doc/uImage.FIT/) - boot_fit - for binary file: "Image.itb" Default boot command: "autoboot" And the boot sequence is: - boot_fit - if "Image.itb" exists - boot_zimg - if "zImage" exists - boot_uimg - if "uImage" exists 11. USB host support ==================== NOTE: This section is only for Odroid X2/U3. The ethernet can be accessed after starting the USB subsystem in U-Boot. The adapter does not come with a preconfigured MAC address, and hence it needs to be set before starting USB. setenv usbethaddr 02:DE:AD:BE:EF:FF Note that in this example a locally managed MAC address is chosen. Care should be taken to make these MAC addresses unique within the same subnet. Start the USB subsystem: Odroid # setenv usbethaddr 02:DE:AD:BE:EF:FF Odroid # usb start (Re)start USB... USB0: USB EHCI 1.00 scanning bus 0 for devices... 4 USB Device(s) found scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found scanning usb for ethernet devices... 1 Ethernet Device(s) found Odroid # Automatic IP assignment: ------------------------ If the ethernet is connected to a DHCP server (router maybe with DHCP enabled), then the below will automatically assign an ip address through DHCP. setenv autoload no dhcp Odroid # setenv autoload no Odroid # dhcp Waiting for Ethernet connection... done. BOOTP broadcast 1 DHCP client bound to address 192.168.1.10 (524 ms) Odroid # Note that this automatically sets the many IP address related variables in U-Boot that is obtained from the DHCP server. Odroid # printenv ipaddr netmask gatewayip dnsip ipaddr=192.168.1.10 netmask=255.255.255.0 gatewayip=192.168.1.1 dnsip=192.168.1.1 Ping example: The ping command can be used a test to check connectivity. In this example, 192.168.1.27 is a pingable server in the network. Odroid # ping 192.168.1.27 Waiting for Ethernet connection... done. Using sms0 device host 192.168.1.27 is alive Odroid # Static IP assignment: --------------------- In the case where there are no DHCP servers in the network, or you want to set the IP address statically, it can be done by: Odroid # setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.10 Odroid # ping 192.168.1.27 Waiting for Ethernet connection... done. Using sms0 device host 192.168.1.27 is alive TFTP booting: ------------- Say there exists a tftp server in the network with address 192.168.1.27 and it serves a kernel image (zImage.3.17) and a DTB blob (exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb) that needs to be loaded and booted. It can be accomplished as below: (Assumes that you have setenv usbethaddr, and have not set autoload to no) Odroid # setenv serverip 192.168.1.27 Odroid # tftpboot 0x40080000 zImage.3.17 Waiting for Ethernet connection... done. Using sms0 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.27; our IP address is 192.168.1.10 Filename 'zImage.3.17'. Load address: 0x40080000 Loading: ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ####################### 52.7 KiB/s done Bytes transferred = 3194200 (30bd58 hex) Odroid # tftpboot 0x42000000 exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb Waiting for Ethernet connection... done. Using sms0 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.27; our IP address is 192.168.1.10 Filename 'exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb'. Load address: 0x42000000 Loading: #### 40 KiB/s done Bytes transferred = 46935 (b757 hex) Odroid # printenv bootargs bootargs=Please use defined boot Odroid # setenv bootargs console=ttySAC1,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait Odroid # bootz 40080000 - 42000000 Kernel image @ 0x40080000 [ 0x000000 - 0x30bd58 ] ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 42000000 Booting using the fdt blob at 0x42000000 Loading Device Tree to 4fff1000, end 4ffff756 ... OK Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0xa00 ... etc ... In the above example you can substitute 'dhcp' for 'tftpboot' as well. USB Storage booting: -------------------- Similarly we can use the USB storage to load the kernel image/initrd/fdt etc and boot. For this example, there is a USB drive plugged in. It has a FAT 1st partition and an EXT 2nd partition. Using the generic FS (ls/load) makes it even easier to work with FAT/EXT file systems. For this example the second EXT partition is used for booting and as rootfs. The boot files - kernel and the dtb are present in the /boot directory of the second partition. Odroid # usb start (Re)start USB... USB0: USB EHCI 1.00 scanning bus 0 for devices... 4 USB Device(s) found scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found scanning usb for ethernet devices... Error: sms0 address not set. <----- Note the error as usbethaddr Warning: failed to set MAC address <----- is not set. 1 Ethernet Device(s) found Odroid # usb part 0 Partition Map for USB device 0 -- Partition Type: DOS Part Start Sector Num Sectors UUID Type 1 3072 263168 000c4046-01 06 2 266240 13457408 000c4046-02 83 Odroid # ls usb 0:2 /boot 4096 . 4096 .. 353 boot.scr 281 boot.txt 101420 config-3.8.13.23 2127254 initrd.img-3.8.13.23 2194825 uInitrd 2194825 uInitrd-3.8.13.23 2453112 zImage 101448 config-3.8.13.26 2127670 uInitrd-3.8.13.26 2127606 initrd.img-3.8.13.26 3194200 zImage.3.17 <--- Kernel 46935 exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb <--- DTB Odroid # load usb 0:2 40080000 /boot/zImage.3.17 3194200 bytes read in 471 ms (6.5 MiB/s) Odroid # load usb 0:2 42000000 /boot/exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb 46935 bytes read in 233 ms (196.3 KiB/s) Odroid # setenv bootargs console=ttySAC1,115200n8 root=/dev/sda2 rootwait Odroid # bootz 40080000 - 42000000 Kernel image @ 0x40080000 [ 0x000000 - 0x30bd58 ] ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 42000000 Booting using the fdt blob at 0x42000000 Loading Device Tree to 4fff1000, end 4ffff756 ... OK Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0xa00 Please refer to README.usb for additional information.